Improvement in brick-kiln



No. 98,134. Y

E. WINGARD. Brick Kiln.'

Patented Dec. 21,1869.

UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

. V. VINGARD, OF WILLIAMSPORT, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILN, 80C.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 98,134, dated December 21, 1869.

To alt whom it may concern:

liamsport, inthe county of Lycoming and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and ImprovedjKiln for Drying or Burning Bricks, Tile, Drain, or Terra-Gotta Pipes, Porcelain, China, Queensware, and Crockery generally 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The invention consists in a novel arrangement of heat-generating furnaces and fines, as regards their application to the kiln, as hereinafter fully shown and described, whereby the heat within the kiln may be regulated or governed, as occasion may require.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

In the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure 1 is a plan or top view of my invention; Fig. 2, a front View of the same; Fig. 3, a side view of the same Fig. 4, a longitudinal vertical section of the same.

`Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several iigures.

A represents the walls of the kiln, which may be constructed of brick or other suitable material which will be durable. B represents the furnaces, and C the ilues.

Six furnaces are represented in the drawings, although I do not confine myself to any particular number, and. there are two fines, the latter running longitudinally the whole length of the kiln, thefurnaces being at the outer side of the kiln-walls and the iiues being within the kiln, the sides of the latter resting upon the outer parts of the top of the former.

At the lower part of eachflue, extending the whole length of the same, within the kiln, there is a series of openings, a, through which the products of combustion from the furnaces enter the kiln. It is designed, in practice, to have each opening provided with a damper, which may be operated from the outer side of the kiln. Besides these openings a there is a series of smaller openings, b, extending the whole length of each flue, on the top thereof, (see Fig. 1,) and through the side walls of the kiln openings c are made directly over each 'be provided with dampers, The openings c in the side walls of .the kiln are for'the purpose of giving draft to the furnaces, serving as vents, and admitting of the handles or levers of the dampers passing through the walls,

so that the dampers may be operated with facility from the outer side of the kiln.

In the outer sides ofthe iiues C C, and extending their whole length, there are openings j, about of the same capacity as the openings c in the side walls. These openings j are designed for regulating the draft of the furnaces, and are provided with dampers.

By means of the series of openings a b in the ilues, the openings j in the iiues and outer sides of the same, and the openings c in the side walls, the heat from the furnaces may be controlled or governed as desired, and the direction of the heat within the kiln regulated, as occasion may require, in order to insure a uniform burning or drying of the bricks or other articles within the kiln.

The upper part, d, of the walls A of the kiln is inclined inward, and said walls are encompassed by wooden beams e, which are secured by screw-bolts and anchors to the walls; and posts f, the lower ends of which are driven into the ground at the base of the kiln, are bolted to the beams e, as shown at g, and have their upper ends connected by cross-rods It, of metal. By this arrangement it will be seen that the walls of the kiln are iirmly bound together and rendered very secure,'while the inclination of the upper part of the walls of the kiln gives greater strength to 'the same, and keeps the upper parts of the posts f, as well as the eaves ofthe roof, farther from the heated Walls at the upper part of the kiln than they otherwise would be.

The projecting ends of the walls of the furnaces are clamped and held securely in position in a way similar to that in which the body ofthe kiln is secured, upright posts t' being driven into the ground at each side of each furnace, and-connected at their upper ends by cross-rods lf. (See Figs. l, 2, and 3.)

In each end of the kiln there is an arched doorway, D, of sufficient capacity to admit 0f the kiln being filled and emptied without removing the walls A. These walls are designed to be permanent, and hence the precaution taken to render them durable, which is done by clamping or binding the walls together, as previously described. rllhe arched doorways are a necessity, as the walls being permanent ample provision must be made for the lilling and emptying of the kiln through said doors. The tops of the posts f at the sides of the kiln have plates l upon them, on which the lower edges of the roof rest. This roof is represented by dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 3.

The advantages obtained by this invention may be summed up as follows: Economy is obtained in heat, and a consequent saving in fuel effected. The ues being within the kiln all the heat radiated from them is utilized or rendered subservient in burning or drying the bricks or other articles within the kiln, and owing to the openings or vents in the flues and side walls of the kiln, arranged as shown, the heat may be regulated, both as regards in tensity and direction, so as to insure a uniform burning or drying of the entire mass comprising the contents of the kiln.

I do not claim longitudinal luesapplied to a kiln, irrespective of their arrangement, as herein shown and described, for such ilues have been previously used, but placed or built at the outer side of the walls of the kiln, and not within it, as in my invention; neither do I claim the employment or use of dampers applied to the openings in the ues of the kiln, for they have been previously used; but

I do claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The flues C C, when extending through the interior of the kiln, and provided with the openings a. b j for controlling and properly distributing the heat, substantially as shown and described.

E. V. WINGARD. Vitnesses:

W. H. CRIBBEN, FRED. A. HATCH. 

